Education reality Essay Example for Free

Training reality Essay Dealism Idealism is the powerful and epistemological principle that thoughts or considerations make up essential reality. Essen? partner, it is any way of thinking which contends that the main thing really comprehensible is awareness (or the substance of cognizance), while we never can be certain that mama? er or anything in the outside world truly exists. In this manner, the main genuine articles are mental en es, not physical things (which exist just as in they are seen) Progressivism Progressivist accepts that independence, progress, and change are key to ones educa? on. Accepting that individuals gain best from what they consider generally pertinent to their lives, progressivist fixates their educational programs on the necessities, encounters, interests, and abili? es of understudies. Progressivist educators take a stab at making school interes? ng and helpful by arranging exercises that incite interest. In a progressivist school, understudies are air conditioning? vely learning. The understudies cooperate with each other and create social quali? es, for example, coopera? on and resistance for dierent perspectives. Essen? alism It is an educa? onal reasoning whose disciples accept that youngsters ought to learn theâ tradi? onal fundamental subjects completely and thoroughly. In this philosophical way of thinking, the point is to ins? ll understudies with the essen? als of scholarly information, enac? ng a straightforward methodology. Essen? alism guarantees that the collected knowledge of our civiliza? on as educated in the tradi? onal scholastic orders is given from instructor to understudy. Such trains may incorporate Reading, Wri? ng, Literature, Foreign Languages, History, Mathema? cs, Science, Art, and Music. Additionally, this tradi? onal approach is intended to prepare the psyche, advance thinking, andâ ensure a typical culture. Authenticity Realism, at its least difficult and generally broad, is the view that en es of a specific sort have an objec? ve reality, a reality that is totally ontologically autonomous of our applied plans, linguis? c prac? ces, convictions, and so on. Hence, en es (counting unique ideas and universals just as progressively solid articles) have a presence free of the demonstration of percep? on, and free of their names. Reconstruc? onism Social Reconstruc? onism is a way of thinking that underlines the tending to of social ques? ons andâ a mission to make a be? er society and overall majority rule government. Reconstruc? onist instructors center around an educational program that features social change as the point of educa? on. Existen? alism It depends on the view that people de3ne their own significance throughout everyday life, and attempt to make ra? onal choices in spite of exis? ng in an irra? onal universe. It centers around the ques? on of human presence, and the inclination that there is no reason or explana? on at the center of presence. It holds that, as there is no God or some other otherworldly power, the best way to counter thisâ nothingness (and thus to 3nd importance throughout everyday life) is by grasping presence. Pragma? sm Pragma? sm is a rejec? on of the possibility that the func? on of thought is to depict, speak to, or reflect reality. Rather, pragma? sts believe thought to be a result of the interac? on among creature and condition. Consequently, the func? on of thought is as an instrument or apparatus for predic? on, air conditioning? on, and critical thinking. Pragma? sts battle that most philosophical topicsâ€, for example, the idea of information, language, ideas, which means, conviction, and scienceâ€are all best saw as far as their prac?â cal uses and victories as opposed to as far as representa? ve exactness Perennialism Believe that one should show the things that one regards to be of everlas? ng per? nence to all individuals all over. They accept that the most significant points build up an individual. Since subtleties of truth change continually, these can't be the most significant. In this manner, one should show standards, not realities. Since individuals are human, one should show 3rst people, not machines or strategies. Since individuals are individuals 3rst, and laborers second if by any stretch of the imagination, one should show liberal themes 3rst, not voca? onal subjects.

The clinical Leaning environment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The clinical Leaning condition - Essay Example The relationship of the school personnel significantly affects the nature of medical attendants, it is one of the most pivotal components that are important for a constructive learning condition. Instructors are additionally a channel towards better learning chances and numerous understudies distinguish that the disposition of educators towards understudies and access to better learning are significant towards their turn of events. Another calculate which my sentiment is critical for appropriate clinical situation is legitimate proficient direction. Numerous medical caretakers are in effect abuseed in various centers as a result of less staff, outstanding burden and numerous multiple times, the staff feels undermined by the attendants. Every one of these issues were not experienced by me during my work here. Additionally, in this emergency clinic, the staff was creative as far as their insight and experience. It was empowering, strong and worthy towards minor mix-ups. The whole experience of your clinical arrangement is formed by the general culture of the ward. It gets awkward when understudies face new patients and difficult to follow plans. In the event that understudies are acknowledged wholeheartedly in the ward and are acknowledged for their enthusiasm for the field, the clinical experience turns out to be better. Subsequently proficient, instructive and learning impacts do affect on one’s in general clinical experience. In spite of the fact that as I would like to think, my CLE was close to consummate, however here was one region which I felt required improvement and that was the best possible preparing for those attendants who enter the Intensive consideration Unit or ICU. This unit is one of the most touchy units in the medical clinic and one ought to be exposed to some exceptional learning systems so as to turn into an ace at those aptitudes. This issue isn't just relevant to this clinic however overall likewise; there are extremely hardly any distributions that attention on those medical attendants who are entering the ICU just because. So I think this territory needs a smidgen

Literature Review Digital Technology

Question: Examine about theLiterature Reviewfor Digital Technology. Answer: The point of the current paper is to make productive examination just as complexity between view of various creators with respect to the specific degree to which advanced education understudies misuse openings gave by computerized innovation to the reason for learning. In the time of advanced innovation, training has profoundly become digitalized as the utilization of differed computerized instruments and techniques have end up being proficient for the guide of both learning and educating. Use of advanced gadgets like versatile, tablets, PC, workstations and computerized board have now gotten a portion of the fundamental study hall gadgets in the greater part of the scholarly establishments. With the assistance of the previously mentioned computerized devices the system for learning and educating has gotten simpler, powerful and progressively alluring. Notwithstanding, it has been distinguished that the simple openness to computerized gadgets and their easy to understand nature are i mpelling various students to misuse the utilization advanced innovation for the guide of learning (Lai and Hong 2015). A few examines have demonstrated that as opposed to utilizing computerized innovation to learn, understudies are making negative employments of the innovation, which are straightforwardly influencing their investigations, psychological turn of events and their social conduct (Gallardo-Echenique et al. 2015). As per Beetham and Sharpe (2013), in wording mechanical appearance, improvement of web and its utilization has influenced each part of the students life. The usage of computerized innovation and explicitly the abusing utilization of web are expanding especially among the advanced education understudies all through the world. According to Murray et al. (2014), it couldn't be dismissed that with the influence of computerized instruction and utilization of web in the scholarly field has effectively engaged the understudies in refining just as honing their abilities and information in subject explicit grounds. As referenced by Mishra et al. (2014), the simple openness to computerized instruments and web has opened a Pandoras Door of peril and enslavement. Then again, in view of Selwyn and Bulfin (2016), it's anything but a solid truth that these days understudies of high training level are misusing the utilization of advanced innovation. The previously mentioned creators guarantee that u nder legitimate directions and observing, more often than not understudies utilize ICT instruments and online asset destinations like Google, Wikipedia and VLE. In the unique circumstance, it is basic to make reference to that the investigation of McCoy (2013), has shown that understudies utilization of advanced innovation is profoundly affected the specific methodology received by their individual speakers or instructors. Over most recent couple of years, instruction has begun to assume an inescapable position in the general public just as in the reason of training. As indicated by Beetham and Sharpe (2013), the purpose for the pervasive situation of advanced innovation in the reason of training is that computerized innovation gives simple access to data with respect to any subject or any instructive field. Notwithstanding, as contradicted by McCoy (2013), among the greater part of the understudies of US colleges, the quantity of utilizing computerized innovation for non-class reasons for existing is higher that the quantity of utilizing advanced innovation for instructive reason. The previously mentioned creators have likewise shown the way that utilization of computerized innovation among understudies of Universities, schools and secondary school is expanding for battling weariness and for diversion as opposed to for instruction. It has been additionally recognized that as far as outcome, over 80% of the understudies utilizing advanced innovation have been found to give less regard for the class and on their training (McCoy 2013). Practically every one of the writers of the considered articles have demonstrated a comparative actuality that says, the utilization of computerized advancements just as computerized media make various difficulties for the teachers and the understudies in re gards to the issues of control, power alongside power. Besides, practically every one of the creators has brought up the way that the potential odds of abusing the computerized innovation among advanced education understudies is expanding in light of the fact that computerized innovation is bit by bit going to be by and by possessed and remote. It implies understudies are additionally getting acquainted with customized, self-coordinated just as enabling exercises with the assistance of progressing advanced advances. In any case, while Selwyn and Bulfin (2016), have emphatically suggested that abuse of computerized innovation among advanced education understudies is significantly reliant upon the methodology made by the instructors, Beetham and Sharpe (2013), have said that it is the progressing computerized innovation that ought to be accused for the abuse. Then again, as brought up by Lai and Hong (2015), the utilization of computerized innovation in homeroom learning in advanced education has been demonstrating disagreeable. It is on the grounds that more often than not, the school specialists are not having the option to stop the abusing utilization of advanced innovation among the understudies. Be that as it may, as indicated by Gallardo-Echenique et al. (2015), the most repulsive outcome of utilizing computerized innovation for non-class design is digital harassing, digital wrongdoing, advancement of rushed conduct and misery. According to the resistance made by Margaryan et al. (2011), the cases of understudies utilizing advanced innovation is needy upon the moving desire for the understudies just as the examples of learning and use of innovation. All things considered, lion's share of the considered explores has brought up that the purpose for abuse of computerized innovation is the expanding request of youngsters and their folks propensity to give their kids everything for the sake of training. Then again, none of the considered creators have dismissed the way that the headway of IT premise is bringing differed of new learning styles, which have the possibility to act most helpfully in helping understudies in their scholarly field. Simultaneously, none of them have disregarded the conceivable result that with its headway apparatuses, the opportunities for adolescent wrongdoing like digital harassing, unlawful Photoshop and visit to inappropriate video destinations are improving (Murray 2014). Along these lines, it very well may be said that as opposed to having diverse discernment with respect to the abuse of computerized innovation among advanced education understudies, one comparable point has been discovered, which is there is the requirement for advanced innovation in learning and instructing. Despite the fact that the degree to which advanced education understudies can misuse the utilization of innovation is hard for the teachers to gauge more often than not. References Beetham, H. what's more, Sharpe, R., 2013.Rethinking instructional method for a computerized age: Designing for 21st century learning. routledge. Gallardo-Echenique, E.E., Marqus-Molas, L., Bullen, M. what's more, Strijbos, J.W., 2015. Gives talk about advanced students access the computerized era.The International Review of research in open and dispersed learning,16(3). Lai, K.W. furthermore, Hong, K.S., 2015. Innovation use and learning attributes of understudies in advanced education: Do generational contrasts exist?.British Journal of Educational Technology,46(4), pp.725-738. Margaryan, A., Littlejohn, A. furthermore, Vojt, G., 2011. Are computerized locals a fantasy or reality? College understudies utilization of advanced technologies.Computers Education,56(2), pp.429-440. McCoy, B., 2013. Computerized interruptions in the homeroom: Student study hall utilization of advanced gadgets for non-class related purposes. Mishra, S., Draus, P., Goreva, N., Leone, G. furthermore, Caputo, D., 2014. The effect of web compulsion on college understudies and its impact on ensuing scholastic achievement: A study based study.Issues in Information Systems,15(1), pp.344-352. Murray, D.L., 2014.A review of the practices and impression of understudies in a single catholic secondary school on the utilization of the web with respect to wellbeing, cyberbullying, and sexting. College of San Francisco. Selwyn, N. what's more, Bulfin, S., 2016. Investigating school guideline of understudies innovation userules that are made to be broken?.Educational Review,68(3), pp.274-290.

Mother teresa Essay -- essays research papers

â€Å"Life is excellence, appreciate it. Life is a fantasy, acknowledge it. Life is riches, keep it. Life is a guarantee, satisfy it. Life is a melody, sing it. Life is excessively valuable, don't decimate it. Life will be life, battle for it!† were the lines of Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhiu who is presently known as the well known Mother Teresa. Mother Teresa destined to an Albanian family on August 26th, 1910 out of a city called Skopje, Serbia. As a youngster, Agnes lived in a very positive house and was taught in nearby schools. Her dad was a structure temporary worker while her mom was a homemaker. At nine years old Agnes father kicked the bucket leaving her mother to raise her and her two senior kin. Mrs. Bojaxhiu weaved garments that got her a day by day pay to bring up her kids. Since a youthful age Agnes assisted destitute individuals by giving them food with eating and garments to wear. At twelve years old she concluded that she needed to turn into a pious devotee. At the point when she was eighteen she went out realizing that she could never observe them again. Reading in Ireland for a year to turn into a religious woman she made another stride ahead and went to India. There she took her last promises of turning into a pious devotee and embraced the name Sister Teresa to pay tribute to Therese of Lisieux. She worked in a school in Calcutta, India for a long time substantiating herself as a decent educator and head. At the point when she saw dead bodies on boulevards and ordinary tragedies of Calcutta she persuaded herself that she ought to be working among poor people and edgy individuals of Calcutta as opposed to rich. Sister Teresa reques...

Whats On Your Nightstand The Well-Tempered TBR Pile

Whats On Your Nightstand The Well-Tempered TBR Pile Last week my friend and fellow Book Riot writer Elizabeth Bastos asked on Twitter Do you do lectio divina? The phrase is Latin for divine reading and was originally used in conjunction with the kind of deep reading mandated for members of monastic orders. The four parts of lectio divina are reading, praying, meditating, and contemplating. Today, lectio divina can refer to careful, peaceful consumption of different types of materials, certainly no longer solely Christian and often not faith-based. People may read a daily meditation from a personal-growth program, revisit an essay that holds particular meaning, or even recite poetry with the goal of achieving a daily centering. Hey! I could write an entire post on this stuffand maybe I will, some other time. Today, the tweet from Ms. Bastos made me wonder about how many of us deliberately include reading for different types of states/moods/purposes on our nightstands. For example, I have two kinds of journals, a daily meditation book, a writers book of contemplative essays, and even an exercise book on my night table (some of those are used infrequentlybut they are still there!). What about you? Do you keep books for different kinds of reading (pleasekeep it clean, folks) in your TBR pile?

Why You NEED an Outline for Essay

Why You NEED an Outline for Essay Now, we’re going to talk about the importance of creating an outline before you begin writing a paper. A number of students skip this step – mostly because they want to get the hard process of writing a rough draft out of the way. Don’t make this mistake. Once you start writing proper essay outlines, you’ll never go back. There are a variety of reasons why outlines are not only useful, but necessary in writing a great paper. First of all, an outline makes the writing process run smoothly. You already know what you want to say, and how you want to say it. You already know what points you want to hit. You already know where your important quotes go. Plenty of students simply build on their outline and call it a rough draft. Once you take away the numbers and letters, you’re left with a workable paper. This article is a part of Essay Survival Guide Want more essay writing help? Read Essay Writing eBook Series by Edusson.com! Outlines also give you an idea of where to go next. Since you know what point you’re building toward, you can aim your writing in that direction. For example, if I want to use Barrack Obama to navigate toward a conversation about medical insurance, I’m going to cater my quotes and information to hit that point. I’m getting from Point A to Point B. This makes my writing clear and direct. I’m not scrambling to make a relevant point. In addition, for those of you who hate sitting down and writing for three or four hours, creating an outline breaks your writing up into bite-sized chunks. You can sit down, elaborate on a few important points, then take a break. When you come back, you’ll still be in the exact same place you were before. You won’t need to get your mind back in the game. Your writing will already be there. You won’t have to think of somewhere to go next. You’ve already done that. Your writing will be anything but sporadic, and you won’t be able to tell when you took a break or lost your sense of motivation. Finally, in the long run, having an outline saves you time. Your paper will be clean, precise, and straightforward. Your professor will appreciate the amount of thought you put into the structure of your essay. And, in addition to everything we just said, you won’t feel the constant pressure to come up with useful ideas. Everything will be done already. You just have to write. Writing is much easier when you know where you’re going with it Before we move on and talk about actually writing your rough draft, we’re going to give you a quick step-by-step guide to creating an outline. If you’ve chosen a topic (or, if you’re using the topic we provided), make an outline. You don’t have to write a rough draft or look for resources. Just see what you can create based on your subject. Chances are, you’ll find that writing an outline helps you formulate   and connect ideas and stay on track. 1. Organize your paper in a stepping-stone fashion with both numerals and letters from the alphabet. For example – A. Introduction 1. Hillary Clinton 2. Barrack Obama 3. John McCain B. Hillary Clinton 1. Health Care a) Proposals b) Experience 2. Prison Reform 3. Scandal 2. Once you’re organized, add a sentence or two for each subsection. What point are you trying to make in this section? What are you trying to say? 3. When you’re formatting your outline, only add a subsection if you have more than one thing to talk about. If you only need to make a singular point, don’t bother with a subsection. For example – A. Hillary Clinton 1. Prison Reform B. Barrack Obama This outline doesn’t make sense. If you want to talk about prison reform and Hillary Clinton, but the whole subject in the same line. There’s no sense in creating a subtopic when it’s actually the main essay topic. It should become – A. Hillary Clinton and Prison Reform B. Barrack Obama It just makes your outline neater and easier to understand. 4. Add to your outline as you come up with more ideas. 5. Add quotes from your research to your outline. If there’s something you want to quote in your paper, it should already be included in the outline. That way, you don’t have to worry about quote placement after you’ve written your essay.

Psychology Research Paper - 828 Words

I’ve had a few experiences that relate to what I’ve learned in psychology this semester but the one topic that sticks out the most would be about one of my cousins. Diana, who is the middle child, ended up growing up with my family for a couple of years after her parents divorced when she was 10 years old. When she was younger, my aunt would take her frustrations out on Diana, her brother and sister verbally and physically. My cousin would tell me that her mom would beat her and also blame situations on her, mentally affecting her. Her Father would drink in excess and ended up turning into an alcoholic, which made it so she had no parent to turn to. My cousin started to also drink and cut herself as a way to deal with the situation she†¦show more content†¦Eventually she started doing well for herself. She went to an out of state college graduated, also got a nursing degree and talked about going for a master’s degree. While in college she even met a gu y that she was able to keep a normal relationship with, He was normal and nice to her. Then when she came back home, she started spending time with the same kids that she used to abuse drugs and alcohol with. She ended up breaking up with her boyfriend and started sleeping around again as well. At this point she neglected looking for a job with her degree. Then things got even worse after her little brother was locked up in prison and she started relaying even more on alcohol on a daily basis and also heroin. This is when my mom tried convincing her to go back into counseling so she could deal with her problems in a healthy way. Instead she ignored it and continued on her destructive path, never dealing with her problems that she was facing. The one good thing at this time was her brother. They would communicate thru visitations, letters and over the phone whenever possible. He would tell her how sad he was being locked up but more because of what she was putting herself thru. Eventually she checked herself into a substance abuse program and then a rehab center. Finally in 2013 she was able to become drug free minus drinking alcohol occasionally. She has beenShow MoreRelatedPsychology Research Paper744 Words   |  3 PagesPsychology Writing your Way to Success   Ã‚  Ã‚   â€Å"What we see changes what we know. What we know changes what we see.† Said by the famous Cognitive psychologist, Piaget. Studying Psychology is a process; therefore, in order to understand different perspectives studiers have to recognize them in the real world. When teachers are teaching, they are fully aware of a child’s cognitive development. They will not teach a six year-old the same thing that they are teaching a thirteen year-old. Also when adultsRead MoreResearch, Statistics, and Psychology Paper984 Words   |  4 PagesResearch, Statistics, and Psychology Paper PSY 315 Research, Statistics, and Psychology Paper Two important factors of psychology and studying it are statistics and research. This paper will explain what research is and the scientific method. This paper will also explain how research is important to psychology. When a researcher does studies on psychology they receive data from the subjects, they are studying. In any type of research there are two major types of data, they are primary data andRead MoreResearch Statistics and Psychology Paper977 Words   |  4 PagesResearch Statistics and Psychology Paper Roberta Parker PSY/315 June 10, 2011 Dr. Julie Wilson Research Statistics and Psychology Paper Research plays a major role in psychology, which research is understood through statistics. Psychologists depend on research to understand theories and to understand how people behave, think, and feel. Research needs to be organized to be understood by psychologists; therefore statistics help organize the information and make the connection between the researchRead MoreA Research Paper About Psychology1789 Words   |  8 Pageswhat to write a research paper about for Psychology 111 this Spring, I had several ideas before I came up with my final topic. In the end, I am honestly not sure why it was the 4th, perhaps 5th, idea that I had. It came down to this. What do I think of when I think of Psychology? Well, I can think of a lot of topics that pop into mind from mental health, to childhood behavioral issues, to the medications we are prescribed and how they affect us. But when I think of names in Psychology, only one comesRead MoreAbnormal Psychology Research Paper2087 Words   |  9 PagesStephanie Quinn April 2, 2012 Abnormal Psychology Dr. Azar Dickens Diagnostic Evaluation Jeffrey Lionel Dahmer Born on May 21, 1960 Date of evaluation: 1992 sometime before the trial Background Information: Jeffrey Dahmer was a sex offender and serial killer mainly between the years 1978 and 1991. He is well known for his severely atypical behaviors. Among his outward manners that are recognized as abnormal are paraphilia-specifically necrophilia and sexual sadismRead MoreCareer Research Paper: Clinical Psychology894 Words   |  4 PagesCareer Research Paper: Clinical Psychology Clinical psychology is just one of the many subfields that psychology has to offer. Those who choose to enter clinical psychology aim to help people with addiction, emotional stress, mental illness, or any other type of mental problems. Knowing what a clinical psychologist does in their practice is important in understanding their profession. A clinical psychologists education is the most prominent part of their career; without it, they cannot be consideredRead MoreAfrican American Psychology Research Paper1293 Words   |  6 Pagesadaptation of the usefulness of these methods through case studies. Dr. Kimberlyn Leary writes about the application of treatment methodologies specific to the treatment African Americans but to make this suggestion is contrary to purpose of this paper. I assert that the creation of specific therapeutic methods for Black people and people of color would only deepen the chasm between black and white. What I am saying here is that there is a way to apply the existing psychoanalytic theories to BlackRead MorePSY 301 Week 5 Final Paper Social Psychology Bringing It All Together618 Words   |  3 Pages There is PSY 301 Week 5 Final Paper Social Psychology Bringing It All Together in this pack Social Psychology: Bringing It All Together According to Feenstra (2011): â€Å"Social psychologists investigate how we view ourselves and others, how we interact with others, how we influence others, and how we act when we are part of a group. Given the amount of time each of us spends thinking about and interacting with the people we encounter every day, much of our lives are spent with theRead MoreIntroduction. This Course Is Designed To Give A Better1255 Words   |  6 Pagescourse is designed to give a better understanding of the issues of psychology research, how to better improve the different practices and techniques, and how to communicate everything in a scientific way through APA guidelines as explained in the course syllabus (2017, p. 1). This synthesis paper will explain what I have learned in this course and how I evaluate it all from a Christian perspective. One might stay away from research all together because of it’s complicated nature, but you can learnRead MoreLearning and Cognition Essay1306 Word s   |  6 PagesCognition U5A1: Annotated Bibliography Capella University November, 2013 Annotated Bibliography: Foundation for a course Project This paper contains an annotated bibliography for a paper which will serve as the final project for a course on the subject of learning and cognition. The paper for which this bibliography was prepared originally was to focus on whether or not a youth could be conditioned by maltreatment at home resulting in poor social and academic

The Keys to Entrepreneurship Essay - 710 Words

The Keys to Entrepreneurship What makes a successful entrepreneur? What can one do to put oneself in a position to succeed on their own? Jay Goltz, for example, is an extremely successful entrepreneur who started his business from the ground up. In the summer of 1978, Jay Goltz founded the Artist’s Frame Service. His business started by using his father’s basement as his office, but eventually moved to an old factory district in Chicago. Today, Goltz’s business in the largest retail, custom picture framing facility in the United States, with over 120 employees and more than $9 million in sales. This success has led Goltz to earn several awards, including being inducted into the Entrepreneurship Hall of Fame. What did Goltz do or†¦show more content†¦For example, Mr. Goltz noticed that many of the framing services did not follow modern management principles. This type of observations and investigations contributed to helping Goltz develop a strong business plan to follow for his new venture. These are all valid reasons as to why Goltz succeeded when so many other entrepreneurs fail. An individual’s personality traits are often determined by his or hers common environment, or in other words, their past experiences, friends, and style of life. Some of the personality traits that are essential to being successful in entrepreneurship are; tolerant of uncertainty, self–directed, self-nurturing, highly energetic, and action orientated. Goltz also suggests that you must be realistic about yourself and what to expect. Here are a few quotes from Goltz on about various issues; â€Å"Do not believe that when you go into business for yourself, you don’t have to answer to anyone, because in reality when you go into business for yourself you must answer to everyone.† â€Å"Hard work is not the surest route to success. If that were true then most people would be successful. Leveraging your assets and going with your strengths is the best way to achieve success.† (http://www.bossschool.com) Once a person has discovered his or hers stre ngths and weaknesses, then one can begin the processShow MoreRelatedThe Theory Of Entrepreneurship As A Key Lever For Growth Restoration And Job Creation1134 Words   |  5 Pagesan entrepreneurship-friendly environment, which continues to constrain Greece’s ability to emerge from the crisis. To overcome these difficulties, Greece must embrace entrepreneurship as a key lever for growth restoration and job creation, in the absence of career alternatives and in pursuit of national competitive advantages (Endeavor (2010). The Theory of Entrepreneurship Ahmad and Hoffmann (2008), summarise the role of entrepreneurship from different perspective; defining entrepreneurship asRead MoreCan Entrepreneurship Be Taught1355 Words   |  6 Pages†¢ Can we teach entrepreneurship and bring some entrepreneurial awareness and changes among individuals. Give evidence Approach in answering the Question †¢ Definition of Entrepreneurship †¢ Entrepreneurship education †¢ Approaches to teach entrepreneurship †¢ Conclusion The concept of entrepreneurship There is no universal agreed definition of entrepreneurship. However, Entrepreneurship is defined differently by different scholars. Schumpeter (1934) defines Entrepreneurship as a person’s abilityRead MoreStartup Americ A Government Initiative1322 Words   |  6 PagesStartup America is a government initiative that is used to inspire and produce entrepreneurship throughout the country. By holding the belief that innovation is the backbone of this country, Obama created this campaign in order to create and develop entrepreneurship. As a result, the goal is trying to achieve sustainable growth and quality jobs in the economy. Overall, Startup America is a process that believes entrepreneurship is a core American value that allowed for the country to be where its at,Read MoreThe Meaning of Technology Entrepreneurship1024 Words   |  4 PagesTechnology Entrepreneurship; Technological Entrepreneurship is the art or process of innovating and imminence assets and products for ma jor return of profit in business. New and unique combinations of innovation are the result of Technological Entrepreneurship. The medium that alleviates wealth in firms, individuals, nations and regions, the research of technology entrepreneurship plays a significant role beyond the satisfaction of intellectual interest. Certainly, Technological Entrepreneurship effectRead MoreThe Motivation For Entrepreneurs, And The Definition Of Entrepreneur1190 Words   |  5 Pagessuch as, history of entrepreneurship, the influence of social and educational background, positives and negatives of entrepreneurship, characteristics of entrepreneurs etc. All of these come together to paint a full picture and give clear insight into the motivations of an entrepreneur. However, as the economy continues to change with new technology, so does the role and demands and the role of an entrepreneur. With this new technology, comes more opportunities for entrepreneurship and emphasising onRead MoreEntrepre neurship Risk, Rewards, And Reality1456 Words   |  6 Pagesgone because of entrepreneurship. In the article â€Å"Entrepreneurship Risk, Rewards, and Reality† by Timothy W. Scales, the author goes over key points about small business like development, growth, and secession. 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Naturis is considered as an innovative and entrepreneurial company as it follows the concept of strategic entrepreneurship refered to as sustained regeneration by introducing new products and entering new market areas on a regulary basis (CovinRead MoreAn Effective Mentor For Entrepreneurship Development Programs975 Words   |  4 Pages(2016), Who Can Be an Effective Mentor For Entrepreneurship Development Programs? Many initiatives like ‘Start-up India-Stand up India’, ‘Make in India’, ‘National Policy for Skill Development and Entrepreneurship’, ‘Digital India’ are being undertaken by the Government of India to foster the entrepreneurial spirit in the nation. Many educational and other institutes are designing and providing entrepreneurship development programs to cultivate entrepreneurship culture in students and individuals. ButRead MoreEntrepreneurship Assessment Strategies For Economic Development1615 Words   |  7 PagesEntrepreneurship assessment strategies for Economic Development: D eveloping an implementation case for Kingdom of Saudi 1.Introduction Entrepreneurship is an extremely important aspect of the modern economy. Entrepreneurship entails improving business and the development of areas that are good for a business, people and the overall economy of a country (Galindo, Mà ©ndez-Picazo, 2013). Since the need for entrepreneurship has been widely discussed and proven through research (Isenberg, 2010; KhanRead MoreBusiness Skills As Entrepreneurship Education1203 Words   |  5 PagesLiterature Review Various authors have explained business skills as entrepreneurship education to empower knowledge of the entrepreneurs. This entails business management skills, business planning, financial management, awareness of legal aspects and market searching. That being the case, the skills are useful and important in developing creative thinking, negotiations, leadership (business management), exposure to technical innovation and new product development. However, the skills help to identify

The Big Issue of Climate Change and Global Warming Essay

Climate Change and Global Warming Climate change and Global warming is a big issue in the world today. One big thing is the Greenhouse Effect. The Greenhouse Effect is the capturing of the suns warmth in the planets lower atmosphere due to the greater transparency of the atmosphere to visible radiation from the sun than to infrared radiation given off from the planets surface. Greenhouse gases affect the temperature here on Earth by sunlight hitting the Earth. Then, carbon dioxide reflects the heat from the sun and traps the heat, keeping it on the Earth causing a rise in temperature. Global climate change means that there is a rise in temperatures on Earth. Statists say that the average temperatures around the world have climbed†¦show more content†¦Global warming effects Maine in a lot of different ways. Lobstering is really big in Maine. It takes up to seven years for a lobster to grow to be legally harvestable. To grow, they shed their old shell and start growing a new o ne. This usually happens in the middle to late summer, but warming waters in the Gulf of Maine are thought to be causing an earlier shed, which can cause problems for the flow to market. Also being one of the nations most forested state, Maine is expected to be effected a lot within the next decade. Some trees will flourish, others will disappear. Maine forests are getting wetter and warmer and more susceptible to different diseases and harmful pests. Animal populations are also effected by global climate change. Animals who are used to colder weather are now finding themselves in temperatures that arent suitable for them. Species are traveling to accommodate to their needs. The Kyoto protocol is the first legally binding treaty aimed at cutting emissions of the main greenhouse gases believed to contribute to global warming. In 1997 world leaders adopted the Kyoto Protocol. It required rich countries to reduce their greenhouse gas production to 5.2%, or below the 1990 levels. TheSho w MoreRelatedThe Warming And Global Warming1442 Words   |  6 PagesThe Warming World Around Us The world is warming and we cannot deny it, the longer we deny the larger the problem it will become. Global warming is affecting the world economy, the overall health of the population, and most importantly the environment that surrounds us. Ignoring this problem will not just make it suddenly disappear; the world has to make an effort to stop it while it can still be maintained. Accepting the fact that it is happening is just the first step, the next step is takingRead MoreThe Causes for Global Warming1538 Words   |  7 Pagesatmosphere has changed several times. Atmosphere affects climate, so, as it changes, climate changes as well. Climate change, as its name says, is the variation of global climate over long periods of time. Climate model projections made by the US Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) show that, recently, global temperature has increased. This increase in temperature is referred to as global warming. One of the main causes of global warming is gre enhouse gases. Greenhouse gases are gases in theRead MoreThe Issue Of Global Warming1338 Words   |  6 Pagesyears, the controversial issue of global warming has been primarily brought to the attention of the public. Global warming is generally assumed to be the main cause of rising average global temperature. The climate on the Earth is changing and there is no big surprise. It is believed that global warming is caused by many natural and manmade activities, which is affecting the planet by the seconds, minutes, hours, days, and years. Many may not even care about this serious issue, but others harm for theRead MoreGlobal Warming And The Warming1353 Words   |  6 PagesGlobal Warming With it being the presidential election season the talk of global warming, also known as climate change has come up in conversation more. But should it be associated with whether you are republican or democrat? Global warming should not be rather you â€Å"believe† in because it is a stated fact. The definition by Oxford Dictionary declares that global warming is a gradual increase in the overall temperature of the earth s atmosphere generally attributed to the greenhouse effect causedRead Moreglobal warming1539 Words   |  7 Pagesatmosphere has changed several times. Atmosphere affects climate, so, as it changes, climate changes as well. Climate change, as its name says, is the variation of global climate over long periods of time. Climate model projections made by the US Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) show that, recently, global temperature has increased. This increase in temperature is referred to as global warming. One of the main causes of global warm ing is greenhouse gases. Greenhouse gases are gases in theRead MoreClimate Change And Global Warming1433 Words   |  6 PagesLittle changes in the average temperature of the Earth can result into big and possibly to dangerous shifts in climate and weather. Rising temperatures around the world have been accompanied by differences in weather and climate. A lot of places have already seen changes in rainfall which resulted in an increase in floods, droughts, or intense rain, as well as more continual and dangerous heat waves. The Earth’s oceans and glaciers have also experienced some great changes - oceans are warming and becomingRead MoreGlobal Warming And Climate Change Essay1031 Words   |  5 Pagesnew normal. Global warming and climate change has the potential to be a serious issue in the world today. Global warming is a global temperature rise. With the ice caps melting many animals are going extinct or having to adapt to different places of the world. Leaders of the wo rld are also starting to realize that global warming is starting to lead to climate change. Climate change is classified when average temperatures raise 2 degrees. Climate change is an effect of global warming. Greenhouse gassesRead MoreGlobal Warming: Fiction or Truth? Essay example1369 Words   |  6 PagesTrue or false; global warming is a catastrophic event that is occurring by natural and human means that is causing global temperature to rise and that can lead to many disasters? This has been an issue that hundreds and maybe thousands of scientists and citizens have debated about back and forth. The thought of global warming existing is a strong claim that many and most people have been backing up. Reliable sources have claims and evidence that is sufficient to prove global warming but other reliableRead MoreThe Alarming and Troublesome Global Warming Issue 1407 Words   |  6 Pages Global warming has been one of the most challenging problems our society has encountered and people dont acknowledge that our climate change is becoming worse as the time goes by. Climat e change which is said to be the regular or ordinary weather in an environment consists of patterns like seasons and temperature. Climate patterns play such an important role in constructing an essential ecosystem, human economies and cultures that rely on them has raised the surface of the worlds oceans in recentRead MoreGlobal Warming And Its Effects On The Environment Essay1516 Words   |  7 PagesSome people say global warming is caused by human activity, others say global warming doesn’t even exist. Some people claim that the climate is changing for the worse. They believe that humans are the primary cause of these changes, especially the increase in temperature, caused by the burning of fossil fuels. They believe that the temperature changes are causing glaciers to melt. They claim that the melting of ice masses leads to a higher sea level and worsening conditions for Arctic animals, as

The Theory Of Tyke Improvement - 1201 Words

Throughout the years, theorists and different researchers have added to an assortment of theories to clarify perceptions and revelations about child development. A psychologist and pediatrician named Arnold Gesell produced the Maturational Theory of tyke improvement. Gesell s hypothesis was molded by the suspicions that advancement is situated in science, youngsters interchange in the middle of good and terrible years being developed, and that body sorts impart an association with identity improvement. The Maturational Theory concentrates on physical and mental advancement, and Gesell saw these formative examples being controlled by a youngster s heredity (Emanuel, L. (2014). Gesell watched and recorded the progressions he saw in the development and advancement of youngsters from early stages through adulthood. On the off chance that the Maturational Theory is based fundamentally in science and heredity, the Behaviorist Theory concentrates on the flip side of the range by constructing youngster advancement in light of natural components. Basically, the way a youngster creates in the Behaviorist Theory is controlled by the outside conditions that impact specific components of their improvement. B.F. Skinner was one of the essential advocates of the Behaviorist Theory (Emanuel, L. (2014). Skinner trusted that giving prizes to conduct that is coveted and disciplines for conduct that not sought could mold a man’s conduct somehow. While in the Maturational Theory, any negativeShow MoreRelatedThe Understanding Of Young Children Essay1285 Words   |  6 Pagesevolving. This is the result of the collaboration of multiple theories, giving society many insights into the life and development of a young child. Two theorists who act as pillars to the understanding of children are Jean Piaget, a cognitive theorist, and James Baldwin, an early developmental theorist. By analysing the two of them, it becomes clear how their early lives, study and upbringing led to the discovery of such intriguing theories revolved around both learning and development. Jean PiagetRead MoreReligion And Morality In George Eliots Middlemarch1161 Words   |  5 Pagesthat is marked for being an Age of Faith where the old traditions and cultures had renewed emphasis on everyday life. However, it was also a period of economic prosperity that resulted in the growth of industrialization and science. The scientific theories such as Evolution and â€Å"Higher Criticism†, which was a scientific study of the Bible, resulted in the Victorian period also being classified as â€Å"Age of Doubt† which brought gradual collapse of longstanding religious beliefs. This complex relationshipRead MoreAfrican Philosophy And Its Impact On Society Essay1312 Words   |  6 Pagesrationality of instruction in connection to Ubuntu, communalism and indigenous learning framework and finally the three measurements of training will be disclosed in connection to organization, sociological and general edification The reason for African theory of education depends on instructing the individuals from the general public a collective life and Ubuntu. The feeling of this philosophy, urge individuals to take after good standards, and exemplary nature, for example, regard and liberality for othersRead MoreThe Theories That Helped Influence The Child Development Scene1953 Words   |  8 Pagessinging. As the child grow the milestones will get better but happen at different times for each child. Theories and strategies that facilitate child development Throughout the years there have been numerous studies by different people on child development. These people focused nature vs nurture as well social, behavioral, cognitive and psychoanalytic theories. In social and cognitive theories, play is considered important because the relationships that children form with their caregivers early onRead MoreSutherland s Theory Of Differential Association : A Case Study1571 Words   |  7 PagesSutherland’s Theory of Differential Association: A Case Study Introduction: Sociology says that a person gain its traits from the social strata in which he or she is living in, these might be the good ones or the bad ones. Social upbringing is very important in a person’s life. Crimes breach into the society when there is a loop hole is present in the society. Loop holes are like corruption, injustice, recession and lack of opportunities. Number of the social process theories describe Criminal behaviorRead MoreThe Progressive Era Of The Revolutionary Era1723 Words   |  7 Pagesback to the common people they wanted to restore equal economic opportunity and correct social injustice as there were 4 main goals of the Progressive Era. One of the main goals was to protect social welfare of citizens and wanted to promote moral improvement in society. They also wanted to create economic reform nationwide and most importantly wanted to foster industrial efficiency. The political reform aimed at increasing or promoting the democratization of the government a nd increase and encouragingRead MoreAbraham Maslow And Carl Rogers1898 Words   |  8 Pagespositive psychology research (Duckworth, A. L., Steen, T. An., and Seligman, M. E. P. 2005, pg. 632). Through this bit of composing let us attempt to comprehend the key thoughts of Maslow, Rogers and the contrasts between their thoughts. Their Theories Abraham Maslow was a popular American analyst who occupied with much research about the human personality focusing on individuals through a humanistic methodology. He is widely acclaimed for his Hierarchy of Needs. This is an arrangement of requirementsRead MoreThe Case Of Charles Horton Cooley3059 Words   |  13 Pagesback to the University of Michigan in 1890 for graduate work in political economy and humanism. Since there was yet no formal guideline in humanism at the University of Michigan, he was sent test inquiries by Franklin Giddings. Cooley s thesis, The Theory of Transportation was most prominent for its decision that towns and urban communities have a tendency to be arranged at the joining of transportation courses. Cooley got his PhD in reasoning in 1894 (Bolender.com, 2004). Before long, Cooley movedRead MoreThe Symbolic Interactionist Perspective On Class Battles Essay1969 Words   |  8 Pagesfinancing offices (through associations called US Inc. what s more, the Federation for American Immigration Reform, the last likewise established by John Tanton). 5-These organizations incorporate the Pioneer Fund, made in 1937 to advance racial improvement through selective breeding. Crawford has expounded on a spilled notice by Tanton which communicates dread of Hispanic control over America 6-It records such perils as Roman Catholicism, extensive families, and a custom of pay off. Linda ChavezRead MoreBus 610 Human Resource Management Essay3540 Words   |  15 Pagesquantitative or subjective routines (1999). Human resource managemrnt Building up the arrangements to fill the crevice in the middle of supply and demand: It is a procedure in which organization make approaches to fill crevice to guarantee human asset improvement (1999). This approach serves to make sureness in all bureau of the organization so that everything goes smooth (1999). The best powerful human asset arranging procedure for big business lease an auto will be work interest anticipating and the quantitative

History project- religious development in India during...

Religious Developments With the coming of the Mughals in India and the Turkish rule, there were many developments and changes in the Indian culture and religion.The Sultans of Delhi and Mughal tolerated different religions, especially Hinduism, though they were followers of Islam. This lead to the beggining of indo-islamic culture. Since dawn of history, India has been the cradle of religious developments. In the early medival period, two parrelel movements in Hinduism and Islam representing the Bhakti and Sufi movements emerged in India. The Indo-Islamic strands have been woven into the texture of India by intertwining Bhakti and Sufi traditions. Bhakti movement The Bhakti movement is a Hindu religious movement in which the main†¦show more content†¦He married the daughter of a Saintly person. Later at the age of 24, he renounced the worldly life and became a sanyasin. His followers regarded him as an incarnation of Lord Vishnu. He helped the old and the needy. He was opposed to the inequalities of the caste system. He emphasised the need for tolerance, humanity and love. He spread the message of Bhakti in Bengal. He popularised ‘Sankritan’or public singing of God’s name. He was addressed `Mahaprabhu’ by his followers. Meera Bai : Meerabai was a Rajput princess. She married the Rana of Mewar. She was a pious devotee of Lord Krishna. Her songs or hymns are even today sung all over India. Her palace was kept open to people of all castes to join her Bhajans of Lord Krishna. She had lived for the most part of her life in Mathura, the birth place of Krishna and Vrindaban. There is a temple dedicated to Meerabai in Chittor, the capital of Mewar. Sufi movement Sufism was a reform movement within Islam which applies greater stress on free thinking, liberal ideas and toleration. The Sufis believed in the equality of all human beings and brotherhood mankind. The Sufi movement started in Persia. Some of the Sufi saints also came to India. They began to preach their liberal ideas and to remove the gulf between the Hindus and the Muslims and join them together. The word Sufi has been taken from the Arabic word Suf which means wool. The movement may have been given theShow MoreRelatedhistory of philosophy5031 Words   |  21 Pagesï » ¿History of philosophy From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia For other uses, see  History of Philosophy (disambiguation). This article  may require  copy editing  for grammar, style, cohesion, tone, or spelling.You can assist by  editing it.  (April 2013) Philosophy Philosophers Aestheticians Epistemologists Ethicists Logicians Metaphysicians Social and political philosophers Traditions Analytic Continental Eastern Islamic Platonic Scholastic Periods Ancient Medieval Modern Read MoreTourism in India5630 Words   |  23 PagesTourism in India Tourism  is the largest service industry in  India, with a contribution of 6.23% to the  national GDP  and 8.78% of the total employment in India. 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(BuddhismRead MoreAp World History Units 1-3 Study Guide Essay4374 Words   |  18 PagesUnit One 1. Consequences of the Neolithic Revolution didn’t include * End of hunting-gathering societies 2. Most scholars believe that, during the Paleolithic Age, social organization was characterized by * A rough social equality 3. The earliest metal worked systemically by humans are * Copper 4. The spread of the Bantu-speaking peoples over southern Africa can be best explained by their * Knowledge of agriculture 5. Characteristics of complex civilizations Read MoreBusiness Environment of Pre-British India13645 Words   |  55 PagesBUSINESS ENVIRONMENT OF PRE-BRITISH INDIA PROJECT BY: BHAVANA BHATIA-7 REUBEN DANTES-9 CRYSTAL D’SOUZA-11 ALISHA PEREIRA-38 TANUSHREE SHARMA-47 GAURAV TALERA-52 Executive Summary It is the past which shapes what we become in the present. Most of what we do and follow today has been decided in the past which is why we have to understand who we were to become who we have to be. India is one of the few civilizations which has been in existence for more than 5000 years. India is a homogenous culture and itRead MoreEssay on Change Analysis Chart Postclassical (600-1450 C.E.)8730 Words   |  35 Pagesto economic development. Further econnimic developements and increased urbanization led to increased trade. The major east-west trade routes, like the silk roads or the Indian Ocean routes, also developed more during this time, which led to increased international contact and safer trade routes. All of these combined served to increase global trade. | Migrations Your beginning features are quite weak. What other continuities were there? What other major migrations were there during this time periodRead MoreAp Quiz3155 Words   |  13 PagesAP WORLD HISTORY MRS. HEFFERNAN NAME: _____________________________________ PERIOD: _____ QUIZ: CHAPTER 16 17 MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. ______ 1) How was the global trade network of the 15th century different from that of previous eras? A) Trade prior to the 15th century was limited to the Western Hemisphere. B) In previous eras, most attention was given to the development of larger regional economiesRead MoreStatus of Women in Contemporary Indian Society3990 Words   |  16 Pagesscheduled caste woman, about women in the Hindu society or in the Muslim community. All these distinctions are significant determinants of variations in her position in different groups. Status of woman is affected by certain macro-forces as economic development, political participation, and ideological overtones. It is also shaped by the norms and values society lays down with regard to woman’s behaviour. 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Bacillus Subtilis-Free-Sample for Students--Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Bacillus Subtilis. Answer: Introduction Bacillus subtilis is a Gram-positive non-pathogenic bacillus involved in the formation of heat resistant and dormant spores (Logan, Niall and Paul). It is the most characterized microorganisms among the various Gram-positive bacteria present. It genetic material can easily be subjected to manipulation and as a result widely used in genetic engineering. It is used commercially for the production of a variety of enzymes, vitamins, flavoring agents and in the production of industrial nucleotides (Capozzi et al.). Genomic DNA libraries carry the entire genomic DNA sequence of the organism. The genomic DNA library can be used to determine the whole genome sequence of an organism helps to determine the phenotypes regulated by the genes, determination of mutations present in the genome and in the production of proteins expressed from the respective genes for commercial use. Genetic engineering requires the use of recombinant DNA technology in order to carry out genetic manipulation of an organism. Genetic engineering can also be used to generate mutations of genes, whose functions are not known (Gaj, Gersbach, and Barbas). Various types of products like insulin, industrial enzymes and even the human growth hormone has been produced by the use of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Genetically modified crops can also be produced using this technique (Bawa and Anilakumar). The overall purpose of this report is to generate the genomic DNA library of B. subtilis and carrying out the necessary steps to determine its efficacy. Results Lab 3 results The concentration of the B. subtilis genomic DNA isolated in Lab 2 was 44ng/l. EcoRI and HindIII restriction enzymes were used to digest the genomic DNA. The digested fragments were then ligated into the EcoRI and HindIII digested empty vector pUC18 to obtain recombinant plasmids carrying the various genetic regions of the B. subtilis genome. The recombinant plasmids thus obtained were introduced into the Escherichia coli DH5 cells. Restriction digestion of the genomic and plasmid DNA was carried out at 37C for 1 hour, then incubation at 80 C for 10 minutes was carried out to inactivate the restriction enzymes. The digestion products were at first heat inactivated at 45 C for 5 minutes to remove the reannealed digested products. This was followed by the actual ligation step at 18 C for 30 minutes. The ligation products were incubated at 65 C for 10 minutes to inactivate the ligase. The ligated products were transformed into E. coli DH5 cells plated on X-gal, IPTG and Ampicillin conta ining LB agar plates. Lab 4 results The ratio of the blue to white colonies were 3:8. The control plates used were the digested and re-ligated pUC18 plates, which gave rise to blue colonies due to the absence of an insert. The non-transformed and no T4 DNA ligase plates did not show the presence of colonies, while an already prepared recombinant plasmid was used as the positive control, which gave rise to white colonies (Apppendix, Figures 1-4). The recombinant clones obtained in the experimental plates were then used to isolate the recombinant plasmid. A white recombinant colony was selected. The concentration of the isolated plasmid DNA was 621.1ng/l and the 260:280 ratio was 2.12. The isolated recombinant plasmid was single digested with HindIII and double digested with EcoRI/HindIII. This helped to confirm the presence of the insert. Lab 5 results The distances travelled by the bands in the DNA ladder were calculated (Appendix, Table 1, Figure 5) and plotted with respect to the length of the DNA bands in base pairs. The X- axis of the standard curves generated represents the DNA length in base pairs and the Y- axis represents the distance travelled in mm. A logarithmic trendline was generated in case of both the standard curves (Appendix, Figures 6 and 7). Calculations using the equations in the standard curves were done to determine the sizes of the DNA bands in the gel (Appendix, Figure 5). The sizes of the DNA bands are provided in Table 2 (Appendix). In gel 1, the pUC 18 plasmid had three bands of sizes 12088, 5115 and 4023bp, respectively. The double digested pUC18 and the genomic DNA lanes showed one band of sizes approximately 2697bp and 13359bp, respectively. The control uncut recombinant plasmid had 4 bands of sizes 12088, 5115, 4023 and 2440.6bp. The single digested plasmid had one band of size 4769bp. The double digested control plasmid produces 2 bands of sizes 3165 and 1353bp, respectively (Appendix, Figure 5). In gel 3, the genomic DNA had one band of size 11849bp. The uncut plasmid had 2 bands of sizes 3605 and 2208bp. The single digested plasmid had one band of size 3605bp. The double digested product had 2 bands of sizes 2697 and 916bp. The foreign DNA insert was approximately 916bp (Appendix, Figure 5). While the single digested product was 3605bp approximately, the double digested product adds up to 3613bp. The single and double digestion of the control recombinant plasmid yielded one and two bands, respectively (A ppendix, Figure 5). Discussion This report describes the preparation of a genomic DNA library. Digestion and ligation of the genomic DNA inserts into the vector pUC18 yielded the recombinant clones. The number of white colonies were more than the number of blue colonies. The recombinant plasmid containing colonies were white because the lacZ gene present in the multiple cloning site (MCS) of the vector gets disrupted due to the addition of the insert (Davis). The blue colonies carried the empty vectors, which were obtained due to their undergoing only single digestion. As a result, they were able to break down the X-gal substrate giving rise to the blue color. This is because the lacZ gene remained intact producing functional beta galactosidase. Moreover, the double digestion of the recombinant plasmid yielded DNA bands of sizes 2697 and 916bp, which are the vector and insert bands, respectively. Additionally, the single digested product gave a single band of size 3605bp. The problems that were encountered were the absence of colonies. Absence of colonies can be due to improper plasmid and genomic DNA purification, which can hamper the digestion step (Surzycki). Star activity can result in non-specific digestion of the genomic and plasmid DNAs (Pingoud, Wilson and Wende). Moreover, restriction enzyme inactivation is crucial otherwise it can interfere with the ligation steps. Lastly, proper generation of competent cells are necessary for successful transformation (Tu et al.). Other interesting results that were obtained is the presence of white colonies in the pUC 18 plates and blue colonies in the experimental plate. The blue colonies in the experimental plate indicates the inappropriate digestion of any one of the enzymes, thereby resulting in re-ligation of the vector. The control plate containing pUC18 is expected to produce blue colonies, however, mutations in the lacZ gene can case the appearance of white colonies. Additional experiments includes polymerase chain and cycle sequencing to confirm the presence of the insert in the desired vector (Hoseini and Sauer). The genomic DNA library can be used identify genes that express commercially valuable protein products. Genomic DNA libraries can also be used to identify genetic alterations of an organism and also identify the genetic regulators that modulate an organisms genetic circuitry. The purpose is to overexpress the desired gene and produce large quantities of proteins, which will be subjected to further purification. The blue white screening is based on the theory of -complementation. lacZ encodes the enzyme -galactosidase, which is a tetramer having 2 and 2 fragments. E. coli cells that lack the fragment, produce non-functional -galactosidase. However, the fragment can be introduced by the introduction of a plasmid expressing the fragment in trans. The lacZ gene present in the MCS gets disrupted by the addition of an insert (Blau and Wehrman). IPTG and X-gal is added to the LB media. IPTG acts as the gratuitous inducer and X-gal functions as the chromogenic substrate. Non-functional LacZ cannot degrade the substrate and produce white coloration, while functional LacZ degrades the substrate to produce blue coloration. The recombinant plasmids are identified by the white coloration of the colonies (Chaudhuri). DH5 cells are M15 strains, where 11-41 amino acid residues ( fragment) from the N-terminal of LacZ is deleted and subsequently the residual fragment is inactive. Thus, the DH5 strain i s suitable for such a screening as blue colonies will appear only when a plasmid expressing the fragment is introduced (Aguilera and Aguilera-Gmez). Reference List Aguilera, Margarita, and Jess Manuel Aguilera-Gmez. "chapter seventeen."Applied Molecular Biotechnology: The Next Generation of Genetic Engineering(2016): 405. Bawa, A. S., and K. R. Anilakumar. "Genetically modified foods: safety, risks and public concernsa review."Journal of food science and technology50.6 (2013): 1035-1046. Blau, Helen M., and Thomas S. Wehrman. "Detection of protein translocation by beta-galactosidase reporter fragment complementation." U.S. Patent No. 8,586,294. 19 Nov. 2013. Capozzi, Vittorio, et al. "Lactic acid bacteria producing B-group vitamins: a great potential for functional cereals products."Applied microbiology and biotechnology96.6 (2012): 1383-1394. Chaudhuri, Keya.Recombinant DNA Technology. The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI), 2013. Davis, Leonard.Basic methods in molecular biology. Elsevier, 2012. Gaj, Thomas, Charles A. Gersbach, and Carlos F. Barbas. "ZFN, TALEN, and CRISPR/Cas-based methods for genome engineering."Trends in biotechnology31.7 (2013): 397-405. Hoseini, Sayed Shahabuddin, and Martin G. Sauer. "Molecular cloning using polymerase chain reaction, an educational guide for cellular engineering."Journal of biological engineering9.1 (2015): 2. Logan, Niall A., and Paul De Vos. "Bacillus."Bergey's Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria(2015). Pingoud, Alfred, Geoffrey G. Wilson, and Wolfgang Wende. "Type II restriction endonucleasesa historical perspective and more."Nucleic acids research42.12 (2014): 7489-7527. Surzycki, Stefan.Basic techniques in molecular biology. Springer Science Business Media, 2012. Tu, Qiang, et al. "Room temperature electrocompetent bacterial cells improve DNA transformation and recombineering efficiency."Scientific reports6 (2016)

Mosh Song Analysis free essay sample

The Failure of the American Presidency Moms by Amine Is a protest song that was released In 2004 before the presidential election. The word Moms itself refers the aggressive behavior in which audience members or fans react in a live music performance. The song is taken from the album Encore and was produced by Ian Anabas of ANN. TV, Guerrilla News Network, a private website and television production company in which its goal is to expose people Into global Issues.In this paper, I will be analyzing the songs video ND lyrics In terms of Its historical and cultural Influence on the audience as well as the medium it was produced in. Video Analysis: The songs video takes the audience into multiple frames of cartoonist symbols. The first frame takes place in a public school at the time of the 9/1 1 where the school represents the community and the amount of responsibility they hold. The second frame is when George W. Bush is reading a story Indicates that he is not part of the community as well as he is not the right response to the 9/1 1 .The third frame represents the three mall characters of the song in which each character wows a different issue. The first character is an African American citizen who gets racially arrested by white cops on his way home. The second character is an American soldier who gets re-assigned when he gets back home from Iraq. The final character is a tenant, a single mother who gets evicted with her children while watching the news. The three characters come together to become protagonists to defend their rights and declare their freedom of speech In the congress.Lyrics Analysis: l scrutinize every word, memorize every line I spit it once, refuel, re-energize and rewind I give sight to the blind, my insight through the mind I exercise my right to express when I feel its time Amine starts his song with Introducing himself as an angry citizen whos mall concern In not only defending his rights or freedom, but also speaking for the people who are against the president and the government. He also illustrates the corruption of the government and how its biased into achieving its own personal goals regardless the will of the people.Moreover, the anger Amine shows in the lyrics is nothing but the anger of the nation towards its president and Amine here is only a citizen who has recognized this madness. In other words, Amine is one of any who refuse to remain silent and choose to motivate the people to speak up differences, and assemble our own army to disarm this Weapon of Mass Destruction that we call our President This statement clearly indicates the fact aside of our disagreements or background differences, we shall stand all together as a real army to face this corruption of our presidency. Audience, Medium and other categories: Considering the genre of the song, which is basically hip-hop, the intended audience is rappers. However, by looking at the lyrics as well as the video of the song, the secondary audience is the American community who believe in their sights as citizens and ready to declare their freedom. Any of the above audience can easily interpret the song and produce a meaning out of it. The ease of its interpretation is referred to several reasons.The first reason is the time in which the song was released when the American society was concerned about the 9/1 1, the presidential elections and the declaration of its rights. The second reason is the presentation of the song in which it took place as cartoonist characters that symbolize the basic dilemmas the overall society is facing. The function of the song is direct and is not misleading. The message however is a mixture of political and social issues, starting from the faulty election for George W. Bush and ending with the anger of the society at problems such as ; racism and freedom of speech.Also, at the end of the video, everyone comes together, regardless of their problems they have with each other, as angry protagonists marching to the congress. Such a message is presented to the audience in a song form is nevertheless because the record company seeks to generate its own profit. On the other hand, the audience likes to receive such a political or social message in a form there than a poem or a speech heard on TV. The genre of the song Rap or Hip-Hop allowed the message to be interpreted perfectly and at the same time, the audience, even those who are not concerned about political or social issues to like it as well.The stage of development of the song is mainly specialized. The song Moms is found in Amines album Encore that includes other songs with different messages but the main function of the album is to entertain the audience. In conclusion, I have talked in details the historical as well as the cultural influence of the song Moms. I also talked about the medium in which Moms took place and the function or the message of it. The songs success was not only due to its well- rhythm and bass, but also due to its lyrics and the music video of it.Amines prior songs were adopted by audience who loves hip-hop music and found Amine to be a great artist in that filed. However, for Moms, Amine has expanded his audience to those who like to hear and discuss their political and social issues through music or a video-clip and found it to be more effective and influential. Amine or Marshall Matters states that he wished he had released the video earlier because he believed that it would have inspired more young people to vote against GAB. References: http://www. lyricinterpretations. Com ( the lyrics are also from this source)/l . Kid-Oakland. Dialysis. Com 2. Http:// I pledge allegiance to the flag of the United States of America And to the Republic for which it stands One nation under God Indivisible. .. It feels so good to be back.. I scrutinize every word, memorize every line I spit it once, refuel and re-energize and rewind I exercise my right to express when I feel its time Its Just all in your mind, what you interpret it asI say to fight, you take it as Imam whip someones ass If you dont understand, dont even bother to ask A father who has grown up with a fatherless past Who has blown up now to rap phenomenon that has Or at least shows no difficulty multi-task And in Juggling both perhaps mastered his craft Slash entrepreneur who has helped launch a few more rap acts Whos had a few obstacles thrown his way through the last half Of his career typical manure moving past that Mr.. Kisses ass crack, hes a class act Rubber band man, yea he Just snaps back [Chorus:] Come along follow me as I lead through the darkness.

Application For A Sample Of Narrative Essay About Experience

Application For A Sample Of Narrative Essay About ExperienceTo apply for a sample of narrative essay about the experience you need to have some passion in what you are writing. The overall writing is about what you want to say. I usually give my students one block of time to come up with an effective introduction to the overall essay.However, the difference between the student's application and an essay about different perspectives or events might be very close. It is all about how you get that information from the experience itself. That way your writing will more clearly illustrate what you are trying to say.Narrative Essay about Experience is not meant to teach you a lesson, but to get you to write by emotion and to look at your own writing. To do this you need to have a sense of what makes you tick, what you like and hate, and what interests you.What have you found interesting in the past? When have you felt it? What was the first thing that you noticed?You may also need to have a clear sense of why you feel you need to write this type of essay. Sometimes people don't feel the need to express themselves to others because they feel that their lives are enough. This could be because they have an awful lot of friends or maybe there is something going on in their life that they just don't want to open up about.Whatever the reason may be, I know for me that it was my own life that required this type of writing. I wanted to better understand who I was as a person and to understand my purpose in life.It was my job that I was going to get better at. I needed to make a move, take a step and make a decision to continue growing. It was my job to get better at my job, whatever that may be.

Fear Of Frying And Other Fax Of Life By Josh Freed Essays

Fear Of Frying And Other Fax Of Life By Josh Freed rom Fear of Frying and other Fax of Life By Josh Freed I was sitting at a busy New York caf? a few months ago when a young woman approached my table. Excuse me, she said. I hate to be so bold, but could I possibly ask you what you're eating, if you don't mind me asking. In a flash, I knew-she was Canadian!-and I said so. Gee! she said. How did you guess? Because no one but a Canadian could have asked such a convoluted question. A Parisienne would simply have eyed my meal in admiration-or disdain. An American would have said: Any good?, and scooped a bit off my plate. But only a Canadian could create such a timid, tortuous sentence, so dense you could never take offense, so sweet you could fall asleep. We are a nation of diplomats, the world's most polite people, trained from childhood to apologize before we speak. Nothing distinguishes Canadians from our American neighbours more than our quest for compromise, our relentless search for safe, middle ground. Bump into an American and he will usually say something straighforward like: Hey! Watch it, buddy. But bump into a Canadian and he will always say the same thing: I'm sorry. Then you'll say No, I'm sorry! and he'll say: No, I'm sorry!-apologizing back and forth till you're both exhausted. As Canadians we will talk forever, because we are too polite to say what we mean. Take our constitutional quarrel ( I wish someone would), where there were no real statesmen or memorable speeches. Joe Clark, the Nembutal of nation-builders and Robert Bourassa, the zen master of Confused Federalism, both spoke in sentences of such mind-numbing tedium no one knew what they wanted--including them. Instead of a civil war, we waged a civil bore. It's been like that throughout our history. Other nations celebrate battles, wars and revolutions. But Canadians celebrate only one date: 1867-Confederation-a series of meetings. And we've been meeting ever since, addressing our major differences by avoiding them. Former Canadian prime minister MacKenzie King faced a political crisis similar to ours, during World War II. English Canada wanted conscription and French Canada didn't, so King found a classic Canadian compromise. He held an endless two-year debate on conscription and didn't bring it in until the war was almost over, earning himself a place as one of our great complacent statesmen. As Canadian writer Eric Nicols observed in a light-hearted look at Canada back in 1967: U.S. President Franklin Roosevelt said: We have nothing to fear but fear itself. John F. Kennedy said: Ask not what your country can do for you, but what you can do for your country. MacKenzie King said: Conscription if necessary, but not necessarily conscription,--as confusingly Canadian a statement as ever was spoken. Imagine how leaders of other times might have re-phrased their famous statements if they had been Canadian, said Nicols. For instance: Julius Caesar, crossing the Rubicon: The die is cast, but I don't believe in gambling. Or Horace Greeley: Go west, young man! Or east. Or north-by-east. Or south-by-west. Or... Or Winston Churchill, addressing England in 1940: We shall fight on the beaches, possibly... We shall fight on the landing grounds if necessary... We shall never surrender, unless there is no alternative. Compromise and convolution are the essence of being Canadian, one of the few things we do as well as anyone on earth. We stall. We study. We delay. We dilute. We distract. We do anything to avoid doing something. If Boris Yeltsin was Canadian, he would never have stood on a tank. He'd have sat on a task force. In the words of the very Canadian commander of United Nations forces in former Yugoslavia, Maj.-Gen. Lewis W. MacKenzie: If Bosnians were Canadians we'd simply take the whole population and bore them to death with conferences. I used to hate all the endless political talk at home. Now, I can hardly wait to get back to it. Well-said, sir. Like you, I do not mind our preference for words over weapons. With luck, we will eventually use many of them to solve our political problems-working out a compromise so equitable, so complex and so Canadian no one understands it. A nation if necessary, but not necessarily a nation. Our history of hesitation has served us well. When our cautious English and French forefathers decided not to join the American revolution two centuries ago, they couldn't have hoped for better results. Sure, we often feel threatened by the pizzazz and panache of our colorful southern neighbor, but

Hillsborough vs. Belfast essays

Hillsborough vs. Belfast essays This paper will deal with the Northern Irish conflict, focusing mainly on the two Anglo-Irish Agreements. The most recent and well-known is the Belfast Agreement or the Good Friday Agreement of April 10th, 1998, the older agreement is the Hillsborough Agreement of November 25th, 1985, which was signed by both prime ministers of Britain and Ireland, Margaret Thatcher and Garret FitzGerald. Firstly a short introduction to the conflict in general will be given, after which the agreements will both be discussed in more detail. The events leading up to both agreements and the consequences will then be analyzed and compared. The goal of this paper is to find an answer to the following research question: What factors made the Belfast Agreement more stable and why, and is there anything that can be said about the future of the peace process by deduction from this comparison? This question will be answered after the comparison between the two agreements in the conclusion, which will be followed by a discussion in which the conclusions drawn in this paper will be scrutinized. For further reading suggestions and a source list, I would like to refer you to the last page, where a comprehensive list of all used sources will be given. In 1170, more than a century after the Norman Conquest of England, Henry II of England claimed Ireland and attempted to attach it to his kingdom. He succeeded in establishing control in a small area surrounding Dublin, but the different Irish clans held strong and the major expansion of English dominion did not take place until the sixteenth century. In 1609 military conquest had established English rule over most of the island, save the province of Ulster. The clans in Ulster fought long and hard, but lost and their leaders left for Europe. The land was confiscated and distributed among English settlers. A hundred years later only about five percent of the land of Ulster ...

Research dissertation proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Research dissertation proposal - Essay Example The modern day society in multi-racial countries is of people from different backgrounds. Some races are considered inferior in some countries. This notion extends into the workplace whereby managers are prone to make impaired judgments on their employees based on their race. Some countries in the world consider members of the female gender inferior and incapable of serving some functions. On accessions, women in these countries are discriminated from performing some duties strictly set apart for men. The primary aim of the research entails shedding light on cases of workplace discrimination and helps create information that will improve how employment law prevents the effects of job discrimination (Hagelskamp, and Hughes, 2014). This dissertation will be based on information derived from a literature review. Information compilation will be through examination of selected literature material. A consideration of the previous literature from human resource departments across the public and private sector will be carried out. Trade union reports will be examined for the public sector. Human resource department reports from selected organizations will be considered for the private sector. Hagelskamp, C., and Hughes, D. L. (2014). Workplace discrimination predicting racial/ethnic socialization across African American, Latino, and Chinese families.  Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology,  20(4),

Cross Culture Management Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Cross Culture Management - Case Study Example On the contrary, masculinity refers to the distribution of emotional roles between genders. Japan has the lowest score of 46. Japanese are more cooperated at work, and they are likely to have a good relationship with their boss. A job promotion is done on merit basis, which are associated with lower job stress. Germany has a score of 66 thus considered to be masculine societies. United Kingdom and United States have the highest scores of 89 and 91 respectively. Both countries have private people because they believe personal fulfillment is the root of the happiness. Both countries have higher masculinity index that is characterized with numerous challenges and jobs recognition. They also believe in their own decisions, have higher job stress, and prefer to work in large companies. Long-term orientation is a score that measures the philosophy related with Confucianism: perseverance and thrift, personal stability, respect for tradition, honor of ancestors, and have a duty of financial support of parents. Japan has the highest score at 80. U.S, U.K and Germany have relatively low score of 29, 25 and 31 respectively. The type of managerial types in business negotiations among the Japanese is hierarchal in its power structure. In Japan, not everyone is allowed to speak during the negotiations. In most cases, they are represented by a team of experts; also they take longer time during negotiations because they see business as a lifelong commitment to trust and loyalty. The cultural differences also have a significant impact on leadership. The British emphasize on charismatic leadership, on the contrary, the Germans managers are rather more systematic and routinized with the individuals working towards a similar goals. While comparing between the British and Japanese managers, the British are more likely to take risks, and Japanese pay attention to the details. These differences

The Objectives Of Human Resources Development

The Objectives Of Human Resources Development The objectives of this report are to look at the Human Resource Management (HRM), Human Resource Planning and Development (HRP D), and Performance of McDonalds restaurant. Furthermore, it explains the human resource management activities, models of human resource management, effectiveness of organisational objectives, performance monitoring of McDonalds restaurant. The human resources of any organisation are the most important resource that is the direct connected between the quality of the workforce and ultimate goals. The human resource department of McDonalds is responsible for right people, right number, right jobs, right time, right cost with right knowledge, skills, experience in the right place and also responsible for training of all staff and keeping evidence on them. It also indicates us what is the usage of human resource management and how does it work in the company. McDonalds fast food restaurant began in America in 1954. It is leading food service retailer around the world with more than 30,000 restaurants in 119 countries serving 47 million customers each day. Moreover, McDonalds is one of the world most well-known and valuable brands and increasing share in the globally. Now it is recognised worldwide establishment and first restaurant in the UK. Today more than 2.6 million people of the UK trust about McDonalds and go to eat due to provide good food with a high standard, quick service and value of money. Task-1 Human Resource Management (HRM) Human resource management is the people management function where organizational function is fulfilled and focuses on the issues related to people for example compensation, performance management, organization development, safety, benefits, employee motivation, communication, administration ,training and, etc. As defined by Storey in 1995, HRM is a distinctive approach to employment management which seeks to achieve competitive advantage through the strategic development of a highly committed and capable workforce, using an integrated array of cultural, structural and personnel techniques. Human Resource Management (HRM) Activities Human Resource Management (HRM) deals with the Human feature of an organisation. There are many activities of an organisation to achieve their ultimate goals. To cite an example Recruitment and selection, training and development, human resource planning, provision of contracts, provision of fair treatment, provision of equal opportunities, assessing performance of employees, employee counseling, employee welfare, payment and reward of employees, health and safety, dismissals and redundancy, and etc. I am explaining three of them as below Recruitment and Selection In an organization, a change happens in the level of employees where HR department maintain the requirement of personnel to meet the demand. For effective recruiting, recruitment process can be costly and takes a great deal of time to set up. It includes on what jobs needs, advertising, application, identifying who best meet the criteria, interviewing candidates, finally selecting the best candidate for the post, and etc. McDonalds advertise their job vacancies on their specialized websites and use their own personnel department to recruit staff. Objectives of the Recruitment and Selection The objectives of the recruitment and selection process of human resource management are as below: To identify the most appropriate candidate to fill each post. Keep the cost of selection down Making sure that necessary skills and qualities have been specified and developing a process for identifying them in candidates Make sure that the candidate selected will want the job, and will stay with McDonalds To make the most of the effectiveness of the McDonalds recruitment and selection practices. Achievement of the Recruitment and Selection In the McDonalds, recruiting process is run throughout the year. Like other organisations, McDonalds recruit internally and externally, and they for the most part recruit their managers and Assistant managers internally rather than externally, because it is easier and less training is needed due to the candidate is well known about the job. Just about 50% of McDonalds salaried managers are promoted from within McDonalds. In addition, for preparing the job description, McDonalds describe the job title, department, location, the responsibilities, the job purpose and duties. McDonalds uses the application form with questions which are typical questions, to know what qualification the applicant has, such as knowledge, skills, experience, and etc. Application form fill-up and make the answer of question is the first step for applicant at crew member level. For the recruitment process, Interview is the most crucial part for McDonalds potential employee. From the short listed candidate, McDonalds call for interview with area manager or store manager at their flexible nearest branch. From the face to face interview, interviewers can know about applicants, such as behaves, confidence, knowledge, and basically how the applicants come across as a person. At crew member level, interview is the second step for applicant. At this step, short listed candidates involve selecting a small number of applicants for the next stage. This selecting process will be carried on until the right numbers of candidates are found with the wanted quality. As a result, the recruiting team can be able to distinguish easily the strong applicants from the weak hundreds of applicants. McDonalds inform to the successful candidate over mobile phone or by email within one week. One day, McDonalds arrange an induction for a new employee that may turn him or her into a long term, loyal member of staff. In the McDonalds, the induction process begins even before the candidate is offered the job. Training and Development From the initial training that is called skill training, Employee can know the basic job knowledge of each position and can develop. Moreover, ongoing training program provides a more advanced level of job knowledge and make an economical employee. An ongoing programme of training evaluation enables employees to keep training up to date and according to the demand of the business. McDonalds training and development programme is an important part to the 100% customer satisfaction that the company aims to achieve ultimate goal. Objectives of the Training and Development McDonalds arranges training and development programme for many reasons. For example, training and development programme may be introduced to: Increase job satisfaction and motivate employees, as a result, reducing absenteeism and labour turnover. Reduce wastage and accident rates by gaining a excellent performance across the workforce. Develop the skills of existing employees to cope with labour shortages Establish the most effective and efficient working methods in order to maximize productivity and remain competitive Use of new equipment and the application of new technology. Achievement of the Training and Development We believe that training is the foundation of any success and McDonalds think so. Immediately, training begins with a one-hour orientation in McDonalds. Each branch of McDonalds has its own video player and training room. Stepby step manuals and video tapes are played every detail of the operation. So, McDonalds is dedicated to the training and development of all their employees, providing career opportunities. So, it is an ongoing process of all McDonalds employees it is everyones job, every day. According to the employee position, all employees are to receive induction training followed by a structured development program. After completing the initial training, they are to pass one Observation Check list (OCL) in the particular area with successfully. In McDonalds has 21 days of employment probationary period. During this probationary period, employees performance is to evaluate. For example, standard of work, personal attitude, teamwork, focus of customers, hygiene and etc. After completing the probationary period, they must be achieved a competency rating of satisfactory. If they fail to meet the standards of required of performance, they can be terminated at any time during their probationary period. Human Resource Planning To achieve the McDonalds goals, human resource planning is concerned with getting the right people, using them perfectly, and training and developing them. In order to meet McDonalds aims and objectives successfully, people using are to identify perfectly and effective way and to identify any problem that are likely to occur (such as recruiting the best candidates) and then getting with proper solution. Human Resource Planning (HRP) is the process of ensuring an organisation has the correct staff at the right time, with the right skills and abilities in the right place. Objectives of the Human Resource Planning The aims of Human Resource Planning (HRP) are to create the best use of human resources look forward to the problems with surplus staff build up a well trained and flexible workers decrease organisations dependence on outside recruitment agencies Achievement of the Human Resource Planning Like all other businesses, for daily activities carry out McDonalds need the assistance of staff. All the important number of staff in McDonalds fulfils a key role in its operation. Without sophisticated technology McDonalds would not be successful, for setting up properly human being are responsible. If the manager of McDonalds do not select the potential employees in careful way and do not match against the ability of post that means who are unsuitable, it can create a number of problem, for example poor productivity levels no good feeling among staff job dissatisfaction high absenteeism levels customer complains dismissal replacement For demand of labour, McDonalds analysis its future plans and estimate the levels of activity within McDonalds. As a result, they can predict that the organisation has right number of potential employee with right quality. The external labour market is very important for any organisation because of it can make up of potential employees, locally, regionally, who have the right skills and qualification necessary at any time. For McDonalds, local unemployment figures are very important who give the indication of the general labour availability required at that time. Also, Human resource planning of McDonalds includes searching at how labour is organised within a business or an organisation. Theoretical Models of Human Resource Management Generally, human resource strategy is performance or behaviour based. In addition, employees are a main resource for any service organisation. Organisations which successfully manage change are those which have integrated their policies with their strategies and strategic change process. Johnson Scholes (1992) Exploring Corporate Strategy There are a lot of models associated within an organisation. Such as: The Fombrum, Tichy and Davanna model The Harvard model The Warwick model Guests model and etc Two models are explained among them as below: The Harvard model According to the Harvard Model, HRM polices need to derive from critical analysis of: the demands of the various stakeholders in a business and a number of situational factors Hannagan Tim, 1995 Employees are variable and valuable for any organisation. Moreover, organisations are owned and operated by various employees or people (stakeholders), the task of the management is to balance the returns to every person involved. The Harvard model emphasises on the importance of integration HR policies with business objectives. The Harvard Model is emphasised as the soft approach to HRM, employees like stakeholders of the company. In this model has discussed four areas such as, reward system, employee influences, human resource flow, and work systems, there are also included situational factors such as influence of trade unions, labour market, and laws. These are also relevant to the theory. The effectiveness of the HRM is related to the four Cs with the theory. The four Cs are Commitment, Competence, Congruence and Cost-effectiveness. According to the Harvard theory, employees are an asset rather than a cost. In McDonalds, line managers are responsible for people and store managers are responsible for the day to day running as a mixture of both the hard and soft approach. McDonalds believes that Staffs are an asset for them which are shown by training provision and should provide long term investment for the company. Guests Model Devid Guest has developed his model based on the Harvard model and included four outcomes which has developed into four policy goals Strategy integration Commitment Flexibility Quality Guests (1987) theory, is also included in McDonalds policy, Guest believes the organisation should, aim for high level of commitment from staff, obtain high quality output, continually improve standards, flexibility from staff, no fixed job definitions, working practices and conditions and seek strategic integration through HR policies. In McDonalds, improving standards continuously and flexible working times offering for staff. Line managers of McDonalds accept HRM policies and combine them into strategic plans, staff changing roles are allowing within the organisation. Acknowledged as culture, every organisation has different values, ideas and beliefs that affect the way they operate. According to Handy, there are four types of culture; Power, Role, Task and Person. McDonalds culture combines two of these. Top management of McDonalds reflects power culture that makes the overall decisions and allowing rapid response to decisions. Other one is the task culture. In McDonalds, the overall aim of the organisation is task orientated and focussing on team culture, and powerful communication between all levels of staff. McDonalds has integrated the contingency approach by considering the environment culture. Contingency approach suggests that different problems and situation require different solution, for making a sound solution, need both internal and external influences fit together. Also, this approach influences promotions of staff that comes from the company means McDonalds restaurant. It is very helpful for the staff and staffs are offered appraisals that means increasing job opportunities for staff. Task-2 Human Resource Planning and Development For a company, human resource planning is the recognition of the future labour requirements needed and how these requirements are going to be met. Human resource planning is the process by which a company ensures that it has the right number and kind of staffs, at the right time in the right place for which they are economically most useful for a company. The use of human resource planning is a big deal for any organisation. For employee develop, human resource development (HRD) is the framework. By which, employees can develop their personal and organizational skills, knowledge, and abilities. Human resource development includes many opportunities such as employee training for developing them, performance management and development, mentoring, series planning, key employee identification, organization development and etc. Human Resource Planning Model Best Practice Model Best Practice HRM is the idea that a particular bundle of HR practices has the potential to contribute to improved attitudes and behaviours, lower levels of absenteeism and labour turnover, and higher level of productivity, quality and customer service, ultimately generating higher organisational performance and profitability. Marchington Wilkinson (2002) Components of best practice include employment security and internal promotion, selective hiring and firing, extensive training, learning and development, employee involvement and voice, high compensation upon organisational performance, reduction of status differentials, etc. (Marchington Willinson, 2002; Hughes Julia M, 2002 International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management Vol.14 No.5) Effectiveness in achieving organisational objectives to Best Practice Model In McDonalds, more than 40% of senior managers have been promoted on the inside and not hired from outside directly. In the kitchen of the McDonalds restaurant, crewmembers are started their career by working at the smallest possible level of the chain of command. So, they carry out learning, training and development programs on a regular basis and lengthily which is reflected in their HR activities. McDonalds also offers high level of employment security. By implementing valuable and variable human resource activities, employee have been successful in developing dedicated and competent labour force who bring quality and customer satisfaction. By the recent market situation of McDonalds, employers can be observed easily what the condition of them is. On the other hand, according to the best practice model, employers can take long term view of strategy. In addition, from the view of personal experience, it is observed that the lowest level staffs (who work in the kitchen) generally do not have awareness of the strategy of the organisation. Also, some companys strategy is different. To cite an example, the lowest level staff of ASDA , they can give suggestion for the organisation. Their opinion senior management level can be considered or received. In additional, reward of the employee is totally appraisal based not on performance based. From the above discussion, it can be said that McDonalds is practising many components of the best practice model but do not implement full best practice model. Best-Fit (Contingency) Model There are three different models are defined under contingency as below (1) Business Life Cycle, (2) Strategy/Structure, and (3) Business Strategies (1) Business Life Cycle It includes four stages of organisational development for example, start-up, growth, maturity, and decline. This model also includes some human resource functions such as recruitment and selection, reward and benefit, staff training and improvement, employee relationships and etc with business life cycle stages. Effectiveness in achieving organisational objectives to Best Fit (Contingency) Model (Business Life Cycle) If McDonalds, want to open a new branch still today anywhere in the world, continue recruitment all around the year. (HR department, Headquarters, McDonalds) As seen earlier, Training and development has been practiced regularly and comprehensively. According to the Best fit model, during the growth stage, McDonalds recruit sufficient members and run through effective management and organisational growth. To match with HR function of an organisation, McDonalds always try to control labour costs, maintaining staff peace and getting better productivity during maturity stage. It is very difficult to say exactly that McDonalds is in which stage of Business Life Cycle but they are mature and growing at particular rate. (2) Strategy/structure Miles and Snow (1984; Cited in Bratton and Gold, 1999) identified four modes of strategic orientations: Defenders, Prospectors, Analysers, and Reactors. Defenders companies have limited product line and the management focus on getting better the efficiency of their existing operations. HR practices in defenders include extensive and long-term focus, well defined career ladders, clear grading structures, employee share ownership, well-established HR function, etc. Prospectors are companies with fairly broad product lines that focus on product innovation and market opportunities. It is right performance standards and expectations (Bratton and Gold, 1999) Effectiveness in achieving organisational objectives to Best Fit (Contingency) Model (Strategy/structure) By extensive training and development, McDonalds corporate strategy and issue want to improve their efficiency and always running to take the product into new markets. So, it can be said that McDonalds is followed the combination of Defenders and Prospectors. (3) Business Strategies (This model is based upon Porters competitive advantage model) Michael Porters (1980; cited in Bratton and Gold, 1999) formulated a framework that describes three competitive strategies: low cost leadership strategy, differentiation strategy, and focus strategy. In a differentiation strategy, managers try to distinguish their services and products-such as brand image or quality. In this way, value is added to the product and reflected in the product price. (Purcell, 1999 Human Resource management Journal Vol.9 No.3) Effectiveness in achieving organisational objectives to Best Fit (Contingency) Model (Business Strategies) By distinguishing McDonalds brand and providing quality of food and service around the world, McDonalds has achieved their present position. They have standard recruitment methods and policies, and highly focussed training and learning, reward system for staff remuneration. In McDonalds, line management function is very close with HR function, which has come from their HR strategy and activities. So, from the above discussion, it can be said that McDonalds is following differentiation strategy. Basic Human Resource Planning Model Recruit skilled workers Develop technical training programs Transfer managers from other facilities Recruiting and training programs feasible Transfers infeasible because of lack of managers with right skills Human Resource programs are made according to the organizational objectives and strategies require for achieving human resource goals. Moreover, human resource objectives are directly associated to the organizational objective and planning. To open a new branch of any company, Human Resource department need to think about production staffs, line managers, business manager, technical staffs and etc. Workforces are valuable for implementing the new product line, factory, distribution system, and achieving organizational goads. Effectiveness in achieving organizational objectives to human resource planning model HR department of McDonalds recruit skilled workers, develop technical training programs, and transfer managers from other facilities with right skills. They develop training programs regularly and broadly which are reflected in their activities. Although, employee hire is too costly from outside, sometimes, McDonalds hires the recruit managers from outside. After gaining most of things, McDonalds develop new objectives and new strategic plan for achieving ultimate goals. It involves forecasting outcome of various HR programs for employee flowing into, all the way through and out a variety of job classifications. They determine how existing program and added program or combination of program will be done and need to no capability of combining program. If HR department of McDonalds do not find practicable human resource program, they must change strategic plans. They are researched internal, external, and demand forecasting information. Such as, internal forecasting information- organizational features, productivity, promotion, demotion, transfer, turnover, and external forecasting information- external labor market aspects, controllable company factors and demand forecasting information- organizational strategic plans, size of organization, organizational design, employee support, and managerial support etc. Task-3 Performance management For the successful practices of people management, performance management is a holistic process which bringing together many elements of the organizational function. It includes particular learning and development, and gives an overview of employee status. Performance management is establishing a culture where individual and groups get responsibility for continuous development of business process and their own contributions, skill and behavior. Performance management is about interrelationships and improving the quality of relationship between manager and individual, between manager and teams, between members of teams, and etc. So, McDonalds believe that it is a joint process, not a one off-event, not just managers, apply to all employees. Therefore, McDonalds business manager can make clear what they look forward to individual and teams to do. For example, how they should be managed and what they need to do their jobs. Human Resource performance monitoring McDonalds follows the ongoing performance management for employees. For example, setting goals, monitoring the employees accomplishment of those goads, contributing feedback with the employees, evaluating the employees performance, rewarding performance or firing the employee. Performance management includes frequent activities to establish organisational aims to achieve those goad more effectively and efficiently. McDonalds believe that the best approach to accomplish value for money is to monitor the performance levels of staff and want to reduce wasteful actions. Effective Human Resource Performance By monitoring improvement, departmental managers or business managers can assess the efficiency of employees and determine which ones are meeting the terms of their agreement and contributing to McDonalds success. McDonalds monitoring is the quality of work being produced that is one of the features and the efficiency levels within departments. Employees performance helps the manager to know how they have been getting better in their business with the employees. For the future, it is an employee roadmap which increases job satisfaction. McDonalds think that it can help to develop their talent pool, support potential assessment and succession planning. Suggest ways to make improvements Sometimes, we see that poor performance lead to dismissal. If without checking, wastefulness is allowed to continue, staff will lose interest, motivation will be concentrated and no encouragement to produce good quality products or services. If the employees know that what jobs are doing, how they are doing, employees will be happier. If they know that they are doing good jobs, thats recognized, generally, they will keep on to do a good work and may make well every effort to do more. Otherwise, if they do not get people feedback, they are not doing good job, company cannot expect them to be either satisfied or productive. From the view of the company, if staffs are inefficient, customers will not return to McDonalds for repeat purchase due to many complaints and uncompleted responsibilities will push up costs to a very high figure. So, need to inform them according to responsibility.